Abstract
Aqueous extraction assisted by pulsed electric energy (PEE) and ultrasonication (US) were tested for three microalgal species (Nannochloropsis sp., Phaeodactylum tricornutum, Parachlorella kessleri). The PEE treatments were applied using pulsed electrical fields (PEF) and high voltage electrical discharges (HVED) modes. The extraction degrees of carbohydrates (Zc) and proteins (Zp) at different energy consumption (W) were analyzed. For all tested species, HVED proved to be the most effective technique for the extraction of carbohydrates in comparison with PEF and US. The observed differences in extraction of carbohydrates for three microalgal species can reflect different cell morphologies and structures. However, PEE treatments (HVED and PEF) were less effective than US for the extraction of proteins. The selectivity indexes, S (the value of S ≥ 1 reflects a higher efficiency of selective extraction of carbohydrates when compared with that of proteins), were smaller with the application of US treatment and were depended on the microalgal species. The data evidenced that appropriate physical treatments can be used to tune the desired selectivity of extraction.
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