Comparison of anti-aggregatory activities of 5-phenyl-3-(3-pyridyl)isoxazole and 5-phenyl-3-(3-pyridyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazole

Abstract

Two bioisosteric analogs, 5-phenyl-3-(3-pyridyl)isoxazole and 5-phenyl-3-(3-pyridyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazole, were synthesized so as to compare their antiaggregatory activities, to determine a pharmacologically active fragment in molecules of this type, and to explore the mechanisms of action of potential antiag-gregatory compounds belonging to the class of 3,5-substituted isoxazoles. Antiaggregatory activities of these compounds were studied in vitro using three aggregation inducers, such as arachidonic acid, adenosine diphosphate, and adrenaline. It was shown that 5-phenyl-3-(3-pyridyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazole and 5-phenyl-3-(3-pyridyl)isoxazole completely suppressed platelet aggregation induced by arachidonic acid and the second wave of platelet aggregation induced by adrenaline or adenosine diphosphate. The antiaggregatory activity of substituted isoxasole was 1.1–1.5 times higher than that of substituted oxadiazole. In contrast to the isoxazole analog, 5-phenyl-3-(3-pyridyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazole in concentrations of 300–400 μM partially suppressed the first wave of aggregation induced by adenosine diphosphate. It was demonstrated that both compounds were not thrombin inhibitors in vitro at concentrations up to 250 μM. Thus, introduction of a nitrogen atom into the C4-position of the isoxazole ring changes the molecule properties. It suggests that the pharmacophoric fragment of the molecule should be the whole isoxazole or 1,2,4-oxadiazole ring but not a part of the ring as was supposed previously.