Comparison of Angiography Findings in Iranian Patients Younger and Older Than 50 Years Underwent Coronary Angiography in Boo-Ali Hospital: A Cross-sectional Study

Abstract

Background: Coronary artery disease (CAD) or ischemic heart disease (IHD) is the most common cause of death globally. CAD is a multifactorial disease with many variable risk factors. It is estimated that its prevalence is increasing in various populations. CAD in young adults is also increasing in Iran due to the life style changes. Identifying risk factors and timely correction can reduce the burden of disease and related health problems. Objectives: To evaluate the prevalence of CAD and the traditional risk factors according to angiographic findings of patient’s ≤ 50 and > 50 years old. Patients and Methods: This is a cross sectional descriptive study on 112 patients who were admitted to Boo-Ali hospital from November 2013 to December 2014 for evaluation of CAD. Self-administered questionnaire consisted of demographic data and risk factors were filled. Angiographic film was reviewed in respect to coronary arteries involvement and echocardiography was performed. For evaluation of left ventricular (LV) function, patients divided into two groups of ages ≤ 50 (group A) and > 50 (group B) years old. Risk factors, coronary angiography and ejection fraction (EF) were compared. Results: Of the 112 patients, 51 (45.5%) were in group A and 61 (54.5%) were in group B with mean age of 37.6 ± 4.4 and 63 ± 8.5, respectively. No significant statistical differences were found between the body mass index (BMI), smoking, family history (FH), hyperlipidemia (HLP) and diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2) between two groups (P > 0.05). Hypertension (HTN) was significantly higher in group B vs. group A respect to 65.6% and 31.4% (P 0.05). There were a significant higher number of patients with a decline in EF in group B (P = 0.01). Conclusions: The pattern and number of vessels involved were similar in both groups. Based on common prevalence of traditional risk factors among two groups, planning for lifestyle changes is recommended.