Abstract
The aim of this work was to investigate the effect of phosphorus-based additive and reactive flame retardants (FR) on the flammability and mechanical properties of a pentaerythritol-based model epoxy resin system cured with a cycloaliphatic diamine hardener. Commercially available ammonium polyphosphate (APP) was used as additive and 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenantrene-10-oxide (DOPO) as reactive flame retardant. The behaviour of these systems was also compared to a recently synthesized phosphorus-containing amine (TEDAP), which can be used both as flame retardant and crosslinking agent.
Highlights
Epoxy resins are extensively used in various industrial application fields as, for example, adhesives, surface coatings, laminates and matrix materials
Available DOPO was reacted with the pentaerythritol-based epoxy component (MR 3016) in order to form phosphorus-containing epoxy component, which can act as reactive flame retardant
Ammonium polyphosphate (APP) was applied in 5 different concentrations in the reference epoxy resin system in order to change the phosphorus content by 1 wt% in the range of 1–5%
Summary
Epoxy resins are extensively used in various industrial application fields as, for example, adhesives, surface coatings, laminates and matrix materials. Despite their exceptional characteristics like prominent adhesion to many substrates; moisture, solvent and chemical resistance; low shrinkage on cure; outstanding mechanical and electronic resistant properties, their flammability can still limit their application. The use of halogencontaining flame retardants needs to be decreased. The fire retarded epoxy resins with conventional additives are usually of poorer physical/mechanical properties than the unmodified ones; the use of reactive comonomers is preferred in many cases. The literature deals with the application of APP in aromatic epoxy resins, mainly in diglycidyl ether of bisphenol-A (DGEBA),
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