Comparison of 2 canine celiotomy closure models for training novice veterinary students.

Abstract

To compare a low-fidelity foam and fabric (FF) model to a high fidelity silicone (SI) model for teaching canine celiotomy closure. Prospective blinded comparison of learning outcomes. Second-year veterinary students who had never performed surgery as a primary surgeon (n = 46) and veterinarians experienced in performing canine celiotomy (n = 10). Veterinary students performed a digitally recorded celiotomy closure on a canine cadaver before and after participation in 4 facilitated laboratory training sessions on their randomly assigned model. Recordings were scored by masked, trained educators with an 8-item task-specific rubric. Students completed surveys evaluating the models. Experienced veterinarians tested the models and provided feedback on their features. Completed pretest and posttest recordings were available for 38 of 46 students. Students' performance improved regardless of the model used to practice (P = .04). The magnitude of improvement did not differ between the 2 groups (P = .10). All students (n = 46) described their models favorably. Ninety percent of veterinarians thought both models were helpful for training students and gave similar ratings on all measures except for realism, which was rated higher for the SI model's skin (median, agree) compared with the FF model (median, neutral, P = .02). Model-based training was effective at improving students' surgical skills. Less experienced learners achieved similar skill gains after practicing with FF or SI models. The acquisition of surgical skills required to perform celiotomy closure in companion animals occurs similarly well on models made of foam and fabric or of silicone, providing flexibility in model selection.