Comparison effect of two prophylactic protocols on prevention, complications biological and bone resorption

Abstract

Objective: Compare effect of two prophylactic protocols on prevention of biology complications and on bone resorption, before and three-month post-surgery of oral implants. Method: Clinical, observational, longitudinal study. Approved by the Institutional Ethics Committee. The sample 29 patients signed the informed consent to participate in this study were distributed into two groups: Group 1: with oral mucosa smears culture and antibiogram to select effective prophylaxis antimicrobial and therapy. Urinary levels deoxypyridinoline (DPD). Bone height measured before and three months after oral implant surgery. Group 2: Amoxicillin prophylaxis, bone heights before and three months after oral implant surgery. The two groups underwent clinical examination 8 and 30 days after surgery to assess early complications. Results: The average age for both sexes in both groups; (women 53.53 year; men 54.58 year). Group 1: 17 patients: 6 male patients (35.3%) and 11 female patients (65.7%). Bacterium identified: Streptococcus anginosus (8 patients), Porphyromonas gingivalis (5 patients) and Prevotella intermedia (4 patients). Antibiotics prescribed according to degree of sensitivity: Amoxicillin, Clindamycin, and Cephalexin and Cephadroxyl 30 minutes before surgery. Urinary DPD Female 8.82 nM DPD/mM, and male 5.53 nM DPD/mM .The prevalence of infection related complications during 30 days after surgery was 0%.Group 2:6 male patients and 6 female patients Prophylaxis Amoxicillin (2 g) 30 minutes before surgery. Bone height reabsorption during the three months of observation was 1.693 mm (p >0.05). The prevalence of infection related complications during 30 days after surgery was 50%. The difference between groups for frequency of complications was significant (p = 0.0003). Bone height difference between groups was not significant. Conclusion: The use of antibiotic prophylactic protocol based on the oral mucosa smears and antibiogram to select effective antimicrobial, prevents the presence of early biology complications and reduces bone resorption.