Comparison between two different techniques for peri-implant soft tissue augmentation: Porcine dermal matrix graft versus tenting screw.

Abstract

The thickness of the soft tissues around dental implants is crucial for both the preservation of the marginal bone and esthetic profile. Many authors have showed the thickened soft tissues favor a better peri-implant bone stability; however, different thickening techniques can be used for this aim. Forty-seven patients were enrolled in this study, each one had one implant included in this analysis. According to the thickening procedure, patients were assigned into group A (porcine dermal matrix, n=24) or B (healing abutment used as tenting screw to sustain the soft tissues, n=23), soft tissue thickness was measured after flap elevation in a standardized way. Sixmonths after implant placement, implants were uncovered and soft tissue thickness measured again. At second stage, 6months after implant placement, the mean vertical thickness was 3.01 ± 0.58mm in group A and 2.25 ± 0.53mm in group B. The difference between the two groups at 6months was significant (P<0.001). The mean vertical gain in group A was 1.33 ± 0.71mm, whereas it was 0.43 ± 0.55mm in group B. This difference was also statistically significant (P<0.001). The use of a healing abutment for "tenting effect" has limited efficacy to obtain a significant increase in soft tissue thickness. The use of a porcine dermal matrix at time of implant placement is effective to thicken peri-implant tissues.