Comparison between the Lagrangian and Eulerian Approach in Simulation of Free Surface Air-Core Vortices

Maryam Azarpira,Pouya Farrokhzad,Amir Zarrati

doi:10.3390/w13050726

Abstract

The problematic consequences regarding formation of air-core vortices at the intakes and the drastic necessity of a thorough investigation into the phenomenon has resulted in particular attention being placed on Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) as an economically viable method. Two main approaches could be taken using CFD, namely the Eulerian and Lagrangian methods each of which is characterized by specific advantages and disadvantages. Whereas many researchers have used the Eulerian approach for vortex simulation, the Lagrangian approach has not been found in the literature. The present study dealt with the comparison of the Lagrangian and Eulerian approaches in the simulation of vortex flow. Simulations based on both approaches were carried out by solving the Navier–Stokes equations accompanied by the LES turbulence model. The results of the numerical model were evaluated in accordance with a physical model for steady vortex flow using particle image velocimetry (PIV), revealing that both approaches are sufficiently capable of simulating the vortex flow but with the difference that the Lagrangian method has greater computational cost with less accuracy.

Highlights

IntroductionWhereas many researchers have used the Eulerian approach for vortex simulation, the Lagrangian approach has not been found in the literature
In the Eulerian method, the flow is treated as a continuous phase mainly based upon the finite volume scheme while in the Lagrangian method the flow is considered as a discrete phase of particles for which the equations of flow are to be solved
The developed vortex flow in both of the numerical simulations together with the physical model are presented in Figure 2 indicating the sought performance of both approaches in the simulation of the air-core vortices

Summary

Introduction

Whereas many researchers have used the Eulerian approach for vortex simulation, the Lagrangian approach has not been found in the literature. The present study dealt with the comparison of the Lagrangian and Eulerian approaches in the simulation of vortex flow. Simulations based on both approaches were carried out by solving the Navier–Stokes equations accompanied by the LES turbulence model. The results of the numerical model were evaluated in accordance with a physical model for steady vortex flow using particle image velocimetry (PIV), revealing that both approaches are sufficiently capable of simulating the vortex flow but with the difference that the Lagrangian method has greater computational cost with less accuracy.

Methods

Results

Conclusion