Comparison between the Hypolipidemic Activity of Parsley and Carob in Hypercholesterolemic Male Rats.

Haddad A. El Rabey,Madeha N. Al-Seeni,Habibah B. Al-Ghamdi

doi:10.1155/2017/3098745

Haddad A. El Rabey, Madeha N. Al-Seeni + Show 1 more

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https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/3098745

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Abstract

Hypercholesterolemia is commonly associated with obesity that leads to heart diseases and diabetes. The hepatocardioprotective activity of parsley and carob methanol extract was tested in hypercholesterolemic male rats. Twenty-four male albino rats were divided into four groups (n = 6). Group 1 was the negative control group fed with fat rich diet, group 2 (G2) was hypercholesterolemic rats fed with fat rich diet with 2% cholesterol, and group 3 and group 4 (G3 and G4) were hypercholesterolemic rats supplemented with 2% cholesterol and cotreated with 20% w/w parsley seed methanol extract and 20% w/w carob legume methanol extract, respectively. The experiment was conducted for eight weeks. The positive hypercholesterolemic rats showed significant increase in serum levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, low density lipoprotein (LDL), very low density lipoprotein (VLDL), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine kinase-mb, liver function enzymes, and decrease in the high density lipoproteins (HDL). Moreover, heart and liver tissues were ameliorated and nearly restored their normal appearance. It could be concluded that both parsley and carob extracts supplementations have a protective effect against hyperlipidemia and improved the histological alteration in heart and liver tissues. The methanol extract of parsley appeared to be more efficient than that of carob in lowering hypercholesterolemia.

Highlights

Hypercholesterolemia represents a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD) which continues to remain a significant problem in developed countries and is a growing health concern worldwide [1, 2]
The current study aimed to evaluate the hypolipidemic and antioxidant activity of parsley and carob methanol extract and their potential in protecting heart and liver in hypercholesterolemic male rats
After treatment with 20% parsley seeds methanol extract in G3, the mean values of the heart, left, and right kidney weight were nonsignificantly decreased, while the mean value of the liver weight was nonsignificantly increased compared with the positive control group

Summary

Introduction

Hypercholesterolemia represents a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD) which continues to remain a significant problem in developed countries and is a growing health concern worldwide [1, 2]. Consumption of soluble fiber such as oat bran and barley bran can lower LDL cholesterol levels [5,6,7] associated with significant reduction in risk for cardiovascular disease. Parsley (Petroselinum hortense Mill.) seed is rich in vitamins including A and C, as well as thiamine, riboflavin, niacin, and minerals including calcium, zinc, potassium, and iron [9]. It possesses a number of medicinal benefits including antimicrobial, antianemic, menorrhagic, anticoagulant, antihyperlipidemic, antihepatotoxic, antihypertensive, diuretic effects, hypoglycaemic, hypouricemic, antioxidative, and estrogenic activities [10] due to its content of flavonoids, coumarins, ascorbic acid, carotenoids, various terpenoic compounds, phenyl propanoids, phathalides, and tocopherol. Parsley seeds are rich in monoterpenes (in particular α- and β-pinene) and oxygenated phenylpropenes, which constitute the greater part of the oil [11,12,13]

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