Comparison between Rocuronium and Succinylcholine for Rapid Sequence Induction in Adult: Experience of A Referral Hospital in Central Africa

Abstract

Background: A l’état actuel des connaissances, l’ISR reste le meilleur compromis pour l’intubation des patientts à estomac plein. Le curare de référence reste la succinylcholine à la posologie de 1 mg/kg. En cas de contre-indication, le rocuronium (1,2 mg/kg) peut être utilisé si l’on possède son antidote: le sugammadex utilisé pour lever la curarisation en cas de difficulté d’intubation. Aim of study: the aim of study was to describe and compare the intubation conditions offered by succinylcholine and rocuronium in rapid sequence induction at the Essos hospital in Cameroon. Methods: This was a descriptive, prospective and comparative study, randomized single-blind, from June 2018 to January 2019. It took place in the anesthesia-intensive care unit of the Essos hospital in Cameroon. The adult patients, seen in consultation with anesthesia for urgent surgery under general anesthesia with RSI were included in the study. The patients were randomly divided into two groups: celocurine group (1mg/kg) and rocuronium group (1,2mg/kg). For each patient, the tracheal intubation conditions were assessed according to the score proposed by the work of Viby-Mongensen et al in 1999. Data were entered from Microsoft Word 2016 software, and were analyzed using SPSS 20.0 software. Results: The cohort was predominantly young with 44.28% of ASA I class participants and 37.5% of ASA II class. Fasciculations were the main side effect (42.85%) experienced by patients in the celocurine group, followed by hypotension (17.14%) and tachycardia (8.57%). The main side effects of patients in the rocuronium group were hypotension (5.71%) and bradycardia (2.85%). The intubation conditions were "excellent" in 90% of cases and "good" in 10% of cases in both groups. Conclusion: Rocuronium and succinylcholine provide excellent and acceptable intubation conditions with minimal side effects.