Comparison between Hydroalcoholic (Ethanolic and Methanolic) of Broccoli Floret (Brassica Oleracea) Extract by GC-MS Method and its Antioxidant Effect by DPPH Method

Abstract

Introduction: The amount of active ingredients in natural medicines depends on the method and solvent of the extractor. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the antioxidant activity of aqueous ethanolic and aqueous methanolic extracts of broccoli.
 Methods: In this observational-analytical study, after preparing broccoli from farms of Lorestan City, Iran and approval of the herbarium center, ethanolic and methanolic extracts were obtained by maceration and vacuum concentrating. Then it was analyzed using a GC-MS device. Moreover, the total phenol, flavonoids, and anti-radical properties of the extracts were measured. The results were statistically analyzed using SPSS version 16 software and independent t-test and regression coefficient. A significance level of P<0.05 was considered.
 Results: The total phenol content of hydroalcoholic (ethanolic and methanolic) extracts was 41.52 ±5.40 and 33.03±0. 37 (mg GAE / g dw), respectively, but this difference was not significant (P <0.05). The total flavonoid content in aqueous methanolic and aqueous ethanolic extracts was 40.36 ± 1.93 and 28.79 ± 1.49 (mg Q/g dw), respectively, and this difference was significant (P <0.05). The result of inhibition of DPPH free radicals by broccoli extracts showed an increase, and in terms of effective concentration, a significant difference was seen between ethanolic and methanolic extracts (P<0.05). Moreover, the highest free radical scavenging activity was 92.1% in aqueous methanolic extract and 72.8% in aqueous ethanolic extract. The mean values ​​of the active chemical compounds of sulforaphane in GC-MS analysis of different extracts of broccoli were significant (P <0.01). The percentage of sulforaphane in the aqueous methanolic extract was 14.86 and in the aqueous ethanolic extract was 1.41.
 Conclusion: According to the results, broccoli aqueous methanolic extract can be recommended in vivo for experimental studies with strong antioxidant potential.