Comparison between GdDTPA and two gadolinium polyoxometalates as potential MRI contrast agents

Abstract

Two gadolinium polyoxometalates, Gd 2P 2W 18O 62 and K 15[(GdO) 3(PW 9O 34) 2], have been evaluated by in vivo as well as in vitro experiments as the candidates of tissue-specific magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents. T 1-relaxivities of 28.4 mM −1·s −1 for Gd 2P 2W 18O 62 and 11.2 mM −1·s −1 for K 15[(GdO) 3(PW 9O 34) 2] (400 MHz, 25 °C) were higher than that of the commercial MRI contrast agent (GdDTPA). Their relaxivities in bovine serum albumin and human serum transferrin were also reported. The favorable liver-specific contrast enhancement and renal excretion capability in in vivo MRI with Sprague–Dawley rats after i.v. administration of K 15[(GdO) 3(PW 9O 34) 2] was demonstrated. In vivo and in vitro assay showed that K 15[(GdO) 3(PW 9O 34) 2] is a promising liver-specific MRI contrast agent. However, Gd 2P 2W 18O 62 did not show the favorable quality in vivo as expected from its high relaxivity in vitro, which was attributed to low bioavailability, indicating that it is of limited value as tissue-specific MRI contrast agent.