Comparison Between Experiments and Simulations for a Ship Maneuvering in Waves

Abstract

Abstract The current regulations of the International Maritime Organization (IMO) aims to increase the reduction of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from shipping by providing mandates to improve the Energy Efficiency Design Index (EEDI) of new ships. This has prompted newer vessels to be equipped with low-powered engines as compared to the previous vessels of similar size. However, the low power may potentially cause some vessels to be ill-equipped to maneuver effectively in the presence of waves. Although, traditionally turning characteristics of a vessel is considered in calm waters, in light of the new regulations it is important to consider course-changing ability in waves during the design process. This study aims to compare the maneuvering simulations and experiments of a scaled KRISO container ship (KCS) in calm water and in regular waves. The MMG standard method was developed by the Maneuvering Mathematical Group (MMG) which was organized by the Japan Society of Naval Architects and Ocean Engineers. This model is used to simulate the motions of the vessel in still water. A potential flow theory-based MDLHydroD software is used for calculating second-order wave drift forces and these drift forces are added to the MMG model. The simulations are compared with free-running model tests in both calm water conditions and in regular waves.