Comparison between Effect of Bisphosphonates, Concentrated Growth Factors or Combination on Rabbits’ Tibial Bone Defects Healing: An Experimental Study

Abstract

This study was designed to evaluate the effect of bisphosphonates (BIS) or concentrated growth factors (CGF) or a combination of them on bone defect healing. Bone defects of 3-mm width and 6-mm depth were prepared in 24 rabbit tibias unilaterally, then randomly divided into the following four equal groups: 1. Group I: No treatment 2. Group II: Treated by BIS 3. Group III: Treated by CGF 4. Group IV: Treated by BIS + CGF Animals were equally sacrificed at 4 weeks, and at 6 weeks then tibias were processed for hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and Masson's trichrome (MTC) staining. The data were subjected to one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by post hoc Tukey test and unpaired Student's t-test. In group IV, the quality of newly formed bone was better than any other group with increased mineralization and decreased collagen, followed by group III, then group I, while group II showed the least favorable results. The statistical analysis showed a significant difference between groups. Mixing BIS with CGF showed the best healing, and bone quality results, followed by CGF-treated group, then control, and finally, BIS-treated group. Using CGF as a scaffold and mixing it with BIS could help accelerate the healing of bone defects, reduce healing time, and minimize the risk of infection.