Abstract
BackgroundThis study aimed to compare relationships between height- or weight-adjusted appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM/Ht2 or ASM/Wt) and risk factors for cardiometabolic diseases or osteoporosis in Japanese men and women.MethodsSubjects were healthy Japanese men (n = 583) and women (n = 1218). The study population included a young group (310 men and 357 women; age, 18–40 years) and a middle-aged and elderly group (273 men and 861 women; age, ≥41 years). ASM was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. The reference values for class 1 and 2 sarcopenia in each sex were defined as values one and two standard deviations below the sex-specific means of the young group, respectively.ResultsThe reference values for class 1 and 2 sarcopenia defined by ASM/Ht2 were 7.77 and 6.89 kg/m2 in men and 6.06 and 5.31 kg/m2 in women, respectively. The reference values for ASM/Wt were 35.0 and 32.0% in men and 29.6 and 26.4% in women, respectively. In both men and women, ASM/Wt was negatively correlated with higher triglycerides (TG) and positively correlated with serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), but these associations were not found in height-adjusted ASM. In women, TG, systolic blood pressure, and diastolic blood pressure in sarcopenia defined by ASM/Wt were significantly higher than those in normal subjects, but these associations were not found in sarcopenia defined by ASM/Ht2. Whole-body and regional bone mineral density in sarcopenia defined by ASM/Ht2 were significantly lower than those in normal subjects, but these associations were not found in sarcopenia defined by ASM/Wt.ConclusionsWeight-adjusted definition was able to identify cardiometabolic risk factors such as TG and HDL-C while height-adjusted definition could identify factors for osteoporosis.
Highlights
This study aimed to compare relationships between height- or weight-adjusted appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM/Ht2 or ASM/Wt) and risk factors for cardiometabolic diseases or osteoporosis in Japanese men and women
The major findings of our study were that heightadjusted ASM showed stronger associations with risk factors for osteoporosis than weight-adjusted ASM, and weight-adjusted ASM was more strongly associated with risk factors for cardiometabolic diseases than height-adjusted ASM
The prevalence rates of sarcopenia were higher than those reported in the Korean study for both sexes and our cutoff values were considerably higher because weight, body mass index (BMI), and Waist circumference (WC) in our young group were lower than those in the young group from the Korean study
Summary
This study aimed to compare relationships between height- or weight-adjusted appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM/Ht2 or ASM/Wt) and risk factors for cardiometabolic diseases or osteoporosis in Japanese men and women. This study aimed to compare relationships between height- or weight-adjusted ASM and risk factors for cardiometabolic diseases or osteoporosis in Japanese men and women
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