Comparison and selection of suitable materials applicable for gas turbine blades

Abstract

In the aircraft engine, marine engine and power generation field gas turbine has wide applications. The innovation of material for gas turbine is always required because, higher the capability of the material to withstand elevated temperature, the more will be the efficiency of the engine. In this new era of technology, demand for increasing the parameter of the industrial gas turbine is growing very fast, hence the efficiency must increase. This leads the manufacturers all over the world to develop new technology, new material, and a new method of manufacturing to increase the efficiency of the industrial gas turbine. Among these, the material plays a vital role, hence it should be as such they can withstand the extreme conditions and give maximum efficiency. It is observed that 42% of failure in the gas turbine is due to the failure of turbine blades, therefore, it is an important component to be taken care of. Turbine material selection plays a vital role. In this work, materials applicable for industrial gas turbine blades are reviewed with the focus on the material properties required and comparative analysis is done to select the suitable material. The materials are reviewed based on the methods of casting. Different Superalloys with typical compositions are analysed for tensile properties at different temperatures and their chemical composition analysis is also done. With this analysis of mechanical properties of material at different temperatures and chemical composition, it is observed that alloys like Mar M247, CM 247 LC, CMSX 2 and PWA 1484 are suitable for the gas turbine blade of future generation.