Abstract
This article compares five modeling methods of grid-tied inverters for the electromagnetic transient simulation of power system, clarifies their differences, and discusses the suitable model for each simulation purpose. The comparison was made under the same conditions between the conventional switching model, and four simplified models—voltage interpolation, average-value, controlled current-injection, and simplified current-injection model. The comparison of the simulated waveforms clarifies the behaviors that can be simulated and cannot be simulated by each simplified model. The comparison of the computing time reveals the significant decrease of the computing time by selecting the proper simplified modeling method. Based on these comparisons, this article discusses the selection of the modeling methods for each simulation purpose to perform simulations accurately and efficiently.
Highlights
With the penetration of renewable energy sources, inverterbased power sources are becoming dominant in power system
The phasor domain simulation is a major tool for power system analysis, where all components are modeled in the phasor domain and the symmetrical coordinates
This paper focuses on the five grid-tied inverter models, including the up-to-date CCI and Voltage interpolation (VI) models
Summary
With the penetration of renewable energy sources, inverterbased power sources are becoming dominant in power system. To simulate the transient behavior of such power system, the modeling of the grid-tied inverters is important. The phasor domain simulation is a major tool for power system analysis, where all components are modeled in the phasor domain and the symmetrical coordinates. General grid-tied inverters have a control system based on the instantaneous values of the detected three-phase voltage and current waveforms. Modeling of the inverter in the symmetrical coordinates is not straightforward because characteristics of the inverter cannot be decoupled between positive, negative, and zero sequence components. It is not easy to adequately model the behavior of the inverter including harmonics in the phasor domain simulation. The circuit simulation by threephase instantaneous waveforms such as EMTP or EMTDC is often applied to accurately model and analyze the behavior of the inverters. The circuit simulation is referred to as an electromagnetic transient (EMT) simulation to distinguish
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