Abstract
Cornelian cherry and Prunus cerasus with red pigments possess precious source of flavonoids and phenolic acids which have various applications in treatment of various health problems. This study is conducted to compare different methods of extraction (shaking incubator, soxhelet, ultrasonic) were applied in order to identify the best method which shows the highest rate of antioxidant capacity by DPPH and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) methods and total phenolic compounds via Folin-Ciocalteu procedure, p-coumaric acid content of fruits were evaluated by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). As a result, cornelian cherry with 1313.13 mg/Kg average TPC score exhibits higher total phenolic content than Prunus cerasus with 1270 mg/Kg. It’s notice worthy that there was a slight difference among antioxidant activity in two fruits. Consequently, DPPH revealed nearly stronger antioxidant activity for Prunus cerasus while cornelian cherry had a little more potent antioxidant activity according to FRAP Test. p-coumaric acid content was almost twice in Prunus cerasus (10.8 mg/ml) than cornelian cherry (5.6 mg/ml). In addition, both shaking incubator and ultrasonic extraction procedures were more efficient than soxhelet in two fruits.
Highlights
Fruits with red pigments possess precious source of flavonoids and phenolic acids which have various applications in treatment of cancer and neurodegenerative diseases
By comparing the content of phenolics on basis of fruits, it is deduced that cornelian cherry with higher average TPC has almost higher total phenolic compounds than Prunus cerasus
Second and third columns are related to antioxidant activity of fruits (DPPH, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP))
Summary
Fruits with red pigments possess precious source of flavonoids and phenolic acids which have various applications in treatment of cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. Cornus mas is an excellent source of phenolic compounds (anthocyanin, flavonoids), antioxidants (butyl hydroquinone, butylated hydroxyanisole, and butylated hydroxytoluene) [2], high content of vitamins (E, B2, B1, and C), minerals (K+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Fe2+, Zn2+, Mn2+, Cu2+, Na+) [3]. It’s notice worthy that different parts of this plant (bark, leaves, and ripe fruit) have health benefits, for instance: all parts of plant have astringent properties [4], fruits are consumed to alleviate diarrhea and dysentery, sore throat, digestion problems, measles, chicken pox, anemia, diabetes [1]. Previous research has demonstrated cardio-tonic, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant, antidiabetic, anti-obesity activity of cornelian cherry [6] [7], it is proposed that different benefits of cornelian cherry are due to variety of phenolic acids, flavonoids, anthocyanin agents [8]
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