Abstract

ABSTRACT For decades, researchers have successfully used ground-based surveys to understand localized spatial and temporal patterns in stopover habitat use by migratory birds. Recent technological advances with WSR-88D radar now allow such investigations on much broader spatial scales. Both methods are assumed to accurately quantify patterns in migrant bird communities, yet information is lacking regarding relationships between radar estimates of migration and different ground-based monitoring methods. From 2005 to 2007, we monitored migrant communities on or near two Department of Defense installations in the spring (Ft. Polk Military Complex, LA; U.S. Army Test and Evaluation Command, Yuma Proving Ground, AZ) and on two installations in the fall (Ft. Polk Military Complex, LA; Eglin Air Force Base, FL) using both ground-based transect surveys and radar imagery of birds aloft. We modeled daily changes in migrant abundance and positive and negative species turnover measured on the ground as a function of radar estimates of migrant exodus and input densities. Radar data were not significant predictors of any response variable in any season either in the southeastern or southwestern United States, indicating a disparity between the results obtained using different methods. Multiple unique sources of error associated with each technique likely contributed to the conflicting outcomes, and researchers should take great care when selecting monitoring methods appropriate to address research questions, effects of management practices, or when comparing the results of migration studies using different survey techniques. Por décadas los investigadores han utilizado exitosamente censos terrestres para tratar de entender los cambios espaciales y temporales de migratorios en lugares de paradas. Los recientes avances tecnológicos con el radar WSR-88D, permiten, actualmente, este tipo de investigación en una escala espacial más amplia. Se asume, que ambos métodos indicados cuantifican con precisión los patrones migratorios en comunidades de aves, aunque falta información referente a las relaciones entre los estimados con el radar y los de otros métodos de censos terrestres. De 2005 al 2007, monitoreamos comunidades migratorias durante la primavera, en o cerca de dos instalaciones del Departamento de Defensa (complejo militar Ft. Polk, LA; Comando de Pruebas y Evaluación del ejercito de los EUA, Yuma, Arizona) y otras dos durante el otoño (complejo militar Ft. Polk, LA; la base Eglin de la Fuerza Aérea, Fl), utilizando censos terrestres e imágenes de radar. Modelamos diariamente los cambios en la abundancia de migratorios y los cambios positivos o negativos de especies al usar censos en el terreno y como función de los estimados del radar en el éxodo migratorio y su aportación en las densidades. Los datos del radar no permitieron predecir, de forma significativa, ninguna variable de respuesta, en ninguna de las dos temporadas, y en ninguna de las dos localidades al sureste o suroeste de las Estados Unidos, e indicaron disparidad entre los resultados obtenidos utilizando diferentes métodos. Errores múltiples, asociados a cada técnica, contribuyeron a los resultados conflictivos, por lo que los investigadores deben tener cuidado cuando seleccionen el método de monitoreo más apropiado para contestar preguntas particulares, o el efecto de prácticas de manejo o cuando quieran comparar los resultados de estudios sobre migratorios que usen diferentes técnicas. Table S1. All bird species recorded (Y) during spring (Ft. Polk and Yuma Proving Ground) and fall (Ft. Polk and Eglin AFB) migration surveys from 2005 to 2007 on or near three military installations. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.

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