Comparing the Quantitative and Qualitative Components of IOTN Index in Determining the Orthodontic Treatment Need in Ahvaz, Iran

Abstract

Objectives: This study aimed to compare the quantitative and qualitative components of IOTN (Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need) in determining the orthodontic treatment need in High school male and female students in Ahvaz, Iran. Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 356 students aged 15-18 years. The samples were selected by cluster stratified method and the orthodontic treatment need was obtained using IOTN and clinical examination by two dentists. Statistical data were analyzed using the descriptive analysis and chi-square test (P <0.05). Results: The study involved 200 female and 156 male students (mean age, 16.33±0.79). The DHC (dental health component)-based definite treatment need in males, was significantly higher than females (P <0.0001). The AC (aesthetic component)-based treatment need from a dentist's point of view was significantly higher among females (P = 0.001). The AC-based treatment need according to dentists’ view was higher than the students’ view (P<0.0001). The DHC-based treatment need was significantly higher than AC-based treatment need from students’ (P <0.002) and dentists’ view (P<0.006). Conclusion: DHC is a better component in determination of orthodonthic treatment need than AC. It is also more accurate with less complexity. AC-based assessment depends on a variety of social, psychological, cultural, and ethnic factors, and is more complex. However in order to achieve patients’ wishes and a better quality of life, it is recommended to consider the factors of aesthetic and appearance based on patients’ view.