Abstract
From the cross-linguistic perspective and cognitive linguistic theory, this study has analysed the rules of multi-layered modifiers in English, Chinese, and Vietnamese, pointing out their common points and differences. Although all three languages belong to the SVO (subject-verb-object) type but modifiers in English and Chinese are in front of the core words, which shows that English and Chinese belong to the language in the left branch, but modifiers in Vietnamese, they are behind the core words which shows that Vietnamese belongs to the right branch. All the three languages have one thing in common, whether they are on the left or on the right branch, in which modifiers have the closest relationship with the core words that will stand nearest to them. Other modifiers that have a non-intimate relationship with the core words will stand further away from them. Thus, mastering this feature of the three types of languages will help in language teaching and learning.
Highlights
1 This study stands from a cognitive perspective to study the order rules of multi-layered modifiers of 3 languages
Cognitive linguistics "is a school of linguistics that studies language based on our experience in life and our perception of the world and brings these methods, strategies and conceptualization to serve as the basis for conducting language research”
Cognitive linguistics believes that the objectivism cognitive model cannot properly describe human mental activities and language
Summary
2.The linguistic view and theoretical basis of cognitive linguistics Cognitive linguistics is a new school of linguistics in the 1990s. While recognizing the arbitrariness of language, cognitive linguistics emphasizes the non-arbitrariness of language, mainly because the structure of language, especially the grammatical structure, is nonarbitrariness, justifiable and arguably has a natural connection with the structure of human experience This is the iconicity of language, which is a core theory of cognitive linguistics. The general order of English and Chinese is a possessive word--indicative/article-- number, quantifiers (English has no quantifiers) ----descriptive adjectives (state)-- -attribute adjectives (new and old, big and small, shape, age, color, etc.)--noun (material, function)-- Core word. The order of Vietnamese is: indicative word--number -- quantifier-- Cord word-- noun (material, function)--attributive adjective (new, old, big, small, shape, age, color, etc.) --descriptive adjective(state). Descriptive adjective (state) articl e attributive adjective (new, old, big and small, shape, age, etc.)
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