Abstract
Introduction. Spring wheat yield depends largely on the wheat variety, seed quality, cultivation technology, and agro-climatic factors. It has been found that the separation of wheat seeds into fractions makes it possible to improve the quality of post-harvest processing, adjust the quality of grain depending on the intended use, and the sowing of the wheat grains divided into fractions allows increasing productivity. The aim of the article is to explore the membrane potential on the shells of wheat grains divided into fractions according to their aerodynamic properties and to compare certain membrane potential features with aerodynamic properties of these grains and the yields of selected varieties. Materials and Methods. The seeds, divided into fractions, have different sowing qualities. Biologically deficient seeds have poor germination index. The study have found that the division of seeds into fractions contributes to increasing yields, but the main indicators of quality are still germination and viability, for this reason an approach has been developed to determine the quality of wheat seeds divided into fractions. Results. This article studies the change in membrane potential of wheat seeds, divided into fractions according to their aerodynamic properties. The article presents the results of testing a new clamping electrode with a smooth surface to measure the membrane potential of wheat gains. To study the effect of the wheat variety, the aerodynamic properties of grains and yield on changes in membrane potential, we analyzed three indices: the resting potential level, time of variable potential rise to the maximum value and variable potential maximum value. Discussion and Conclusion. New informative indicators have been determined because of the two-way analysis of variance of the research results. These indicators reliably reflect the aerodynamic properties of seeds and can be used to predict yields. The use of the obtained results will allow agricultural enterprises and farms to determine the quality of post-harvest processing of wheat seeds, adjust the quality depending on the intended use, and evaluate and forecast the productivity of seeds.
Highlights
Spring wheat yield depends largely on the wheat variety, seed quality, cultivation technology, and agro-climatic factors
It has been found that the separation of wheat seeds into fractions makes it possible to improve the quality of post-harvest processing, adjust the quality of grain depending on the intended use, and the sowing of the wheat grains divided into fractions allows increasing productivity
The aim of the article is to explore the membrane potential on the shells of wheat grains divided into fractions according to their aerodynamic properties and to compare certain membrane potential features with aerodynamic properties of these grains and the yields of selected varieties
Summary
Сравнение мембранного потенциала зерен пшеницы, разделенных на фракции по аэродинамическим свойствам, разных сортов с разной урожайностью. Российская Федерация) 2ФГБОУ ВО «Алтайский государственный аграрный университет» Установлено, что разделение семян пшеницы на фракции позволяет повысить уровень послеуборочной обработки, скорректировать качество зерна в зависимости от целевого назначения, а посев – увеличить урожайность. Проведено исследование изменения мембранного потенциала семян пшеницы, разделенных на фракции по аэродинамическим свойствам. Для исследования влияния сорта пшеницы, аэродинамических свойств зерен и урожайности на изменения мембранного потенциала были проанализированы следующие признаки: уровень потенциала покоя; 10-процентное время нарастания вариабельного потенциала; максимальное значение вариабельного потенциала. Использование полученных результатов позволит сельскохозяйственным предприятиям, фермерским хозяйствам определить качество послеуборочной обработки семян пшеницы, скорректировать качество в зависимости от целевого назначения, выполнить оценку и прогноз урожайных свойств со стороны семенного материла.
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