Comparing the evacuation speed through a ramp and a stair in a tsunami evacuation drill in Padang

M Kemal Badrul,Yosritzal Yosritzal,L Comfort,I.W Sengara,S Saravanan,Fauzan Fauzan

doi:10.1051/e3sconf/202133107014

Abstract

In a vertical evacuation, there are two types of a route that could be chosen namely a ramp and a stair. A ramp is usually used to help a disabled person with a wheelchair to reach the top of a shelter and a stair is used for normal persons. However, in an evacuation, speed is very important. Therefore, a comparison between the use of stairs and ramp in terms of evacuation speed to reach the top should be evaluated. This paper presents an evaluation of the evacuation speed using stairs and ramps by normal persons. The study found that evacuating using stairs is slightly faster than using a ramp.

Highlights

Many authors reported that Padang City, the capital of West Sumatera Province, Indonesia, has a significant tsunami hazard potential as the city is located close to the Mentawai megathrust at the West Coast of Sumatera Island [1,4]
All of the evacuees should be aware that segment 3 is more unpredictable than other segments which potentially to prevents the evacuees to reach the safe area before the tsunami is coming
A series of evacuation drills had been made in this study to compare the walking speed of evacuees from the origin point to the destination of evacuation which was the rooftop of the temporary evacuation site (TES)

Summary

Introduction

Many authors reported that Padang City, the capital of West Sumatera Province, Indonesia, has a significant tsunami hazard potential as the city is located close to the Mentawai megathrust at the West Coast of Sumatera Island [1,4]. As the city is located near to the Ring of Fire at the West Part of Sumatera Island, the city has been hit repetitively by many big earthquakes with some of them triggering significant tsunamis to the west coastal area of Sumatera Island and nearest islands such as Mentawai and Nias Islands. McCloskey [3] reported that on February 10, 1797, and November 24, 1833, two earthquakes triggered a tsunami of 5 m and 3-4 m inundation high respectively. McCloskey and other scientists predicted a huge seismic moment deficit accumulation since 1797 and 1833 at the megathrust which was predicted to trigger a 15 m tsunami inundation in Padang in the near future [3, 6, 7, 8]

Methods

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Discussion

Conclusion