Comparing the efficacy of tramadol, ketamine and dexmedetomidine in the prevention of intraoperative shivering in patients undergoing surgery under subarachnoid blockade

Abstract

The most common nagging and inconveniencing complication of spinal anesthesia is intra operative shivering. Central neuraxial blockade blunts the thermoregulatory mechanism by restricting vasoconstriction, resulting in shifting of central heat to the periphery from the trunk. Various pharmacological and non pharmacological methods are used for the control of intraoperative shivering.The aim of our study was to compare the efficacy of Tramadol, Ketamine and Dexmedetomidine in the prevention of intra operative shivering in patients undergoing surgeries under subarachnoid blockade.90 patients of age group between 20 to 65 years belonging to ASA 1 and 2 posted for elective surgery under spinal anaesthesia will participate in this study. The patients were randomly allocated into 3 groups of 30 each and were named as by computer generated random table number. Group T received Tramadol 0.5 mg/kg in 100 ml NS over 10 – 15 minsGroup K Ketamine 0.25 mg/kg in 100 ml NS over 10 – 15 mins and Group D Dexmedetomidine 0.5 μg/kg in 100 ml NS over 10 – 15 mins.Data were statistically analysed with the SPSS version 22.0 software using two-sided unpaired t-test and Chi-square test. A repeated measure of ANOVA was applied for the three groups to know the with-in subject variability in prevention of shivering following subarachnoid blockade and p value < 0.05 was considered to be significant.The conclusion of our study is that Dexmedetomidine at the dose of 0.5 μg/kg decreases effectively in the prevention of intra operative shivering in patients undergoing surgery under subarachnoid blockade when compared with Tramadol and Ketamine.