Abstract

Background and aims: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a common neurological disorder with complex etiology, which is highly affected by psychological factors. These factors should to be identified to help patients with MS (PwMS). This study aimed to compare coping styles, personality traits, and resiliency in PwMS and healthy subjects. Methods: In this case-control study, we selected 75 PwMS from the members of Tehran MS Society in 2016 as case group and 75 healthy subjects as control group. To collect data, we used the Ways of Coping Questionnaire (WOCQ), Big Five Factor Inventory–Revised, and Conner-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC). Multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) and independent T-Test were used to analyze the data. Results: The results indicated that PwMS use emotion-focused coping styles more often (44.53±9.13, P=0.008) and problem-focused coping styles less often (39.84±5.79, P=0.001) compared to control group. Also, they showed higher scores in neuroticism (32.10±4.80, P=0.001) and lower scores in extraversion and conscientiousness (27.46±7.12, P=0.005 and 32.98+±5.72, P=0.008, respectively). The resiliency levels in these patients were also lower than healthy subjects (68.13±13.90, P=0.021). Conclusion: Our findings indicated that PwMS are more likely to use emotional coping strategies in stressful situations compared to healthy individuals. Moreover, data confirmed that a maladaptive personality configuration, which is specified by high neuroticism, along with low extraversion, conscientiousness, and agreeableness are somehow related to MS.

Highlights

  • Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease of central nervous system (CNS), which is specified by inflammation, demyelination, and neuronal degeneration [1]

  • The results on personality traits, consistent with most of other studies [18,19,20,21,22], indicated that patients with MS (PwMS) show higher levels of neuroticism and lower levels of extraversion, agreeableness, and conscientiousness in comparison with general population. It seems that this maladaptive personality configuration, known as “type D personality”, which is specified by high neuroticism, low extraversion, and to some extent low conscientiousness and agreeableness [36], is somehow related to MS and other neurocognitive diseases [18]

  • Resilience is characterized in terms of protective and risk factors [38]; it seems that the interplay between risk and protective factors in PwMS leads to low levels of resiliency in them

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Summary

Introduction

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease of central nervous system (CNS), which is specified by inflammation, demyelination, and neuronal degeneration [1]. This study aimed to compare coping styles, personality traits, and resiliency in PwMS and healthy subjects. Results: The results indicated that PwMS use emotion-focused coping styles more often (44.53±9.13, P = 0.008) and problem-focused coping styles less often (39.84±5.79, P = 0.001) compared to control group. They showed higher scores in neuroticism (32.10±4.80, P = 0.001) and lower scores in extraversion and conscientiousness (27.46±7.12, P = 0.005 and 32.98+±5.72, P = 0.008, respectively). Conclusion: Our findings indicated that PwMS are more likely to use emotional coping strategies in stressful situations compared to healthy individuals.

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