Abstract
BackgroundPicture archiving and communication systems (PACS) are ubiquitously used to store, share, and view radiological information for preoperative planning across surgical specialties. Although traditional PACS software has proven reliable in terms of display accuracy and ease of use, it remains limited by its inherent representation of medical imaging in 2 dimensions. Augmented reality (AR) systems present an exciting opportunity to complement traditional PACS capabilities.ObjectiveThis study aims to evaluate the technical feasibility of using a novel AR platform, with holograms derived from computed tomography (CT) imaging, as a supplement to traditional PACS for presurgical planning in complex surgical procedures.MethodsIndependent readers measured objects of predetermined, anthropomorphically correlated sizes using the circumference and angle tools of standard-of-care PACS software and a newly developed augmented reality presurgical planning system (ARPPS).ResultsMeasurements taken with the standard PACS and the ARPPS showed no statistically significant differences. Bland-Altman analysis showed a mean difference of 0.08% (95% CI –4.20% to 4.36%) for measurements taken with PACS versus ARPPS’ circumference tools and –1.84% (95% CI –6.17% to 2.14%) for measurements with the systems’ angle tools. Lin’s concordance correlation coefficients were 1.00 and 0.98 for the circumference and angle measurements, respectively, indicating almost perfect strength of agreement between ARPPS and PACS. Intraclass correlation showed no statistically significant difference between the readers for either measurement tool on each system.ConclusionsARPPS can be an effective, accurate, and precise means of 3D visualization and measurement of CT-derived holograms in the presurgical care timeline.
Highlights
Picture archiving and communication systems (PACS) allow for easy storage and viewing of medical imaging information
Traditional PACS viewers present images in x-ray, computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data on a 2-dimensional (2D) workstation screen to be examined by a surgical team in preparation for a complex procedure [1,2]
This study aims to validate the feasibility, safety, and efficacy of a novel augmented reality presurgical planning system (ARPPS), compared to a standard-of-care PACS viewer, in order to support its use in the presurgical visualization and measurement of CT-derived imaging of patient anatomy and surgical tools
Summary
Picture archiving and communication systems (PACS) allow for easy storage and viewing of medical imaging information. Traditional PACS viewers present images in x-ray, computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data on a 2-dimensional (2D) workstation screen to be examined by a surgical team in preparation for a complex procedure [1,2] While these systems have been shown to be accurate and easy to use for the analysis of medical images [3], they are limited by their requirement of a desktop computer, laptop, or smartphone screen [4]. Methods: Independent readers measured objects of predetermined, anthropomorphically correlated sizes using the circumference and angle tools of standard-of-care PACS software and a newly developed augmented reality presurgical planning system (ARPPS). Conclusions: ARPPS can be an effective, accurate, and precise means of 3D visualization and measurement of CT-derived holograms in the presurgical care timeline
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