Abstract
The Dougong structure is an ancient architectural innovation of the East. Its construction method is complex and challenging to understand from drawings. Scale models were developed to preserve this culturally-unique architectural technique by learning through their assembly process. In this work, augmented reality (AR)-based systems that support the manual assembly of the Dougong models with instant interactions were developed. The first objective was to design new AR-assisted functions that overcome existing limitations of paper-based assembly instructions. The second one was to clarify whether or not and how AR can improve the operational efficiency or quality of the manual assembly process through experiments. The experimental data were analyzed with both qualitative and quantitative measures to evaluate the assembly efficiency, accuracy, and workload of these functions. The results revealed essential requirements for improving the functional design of the systems. They also showed the potential of AR as an effective human interfacing technology for assisting the manual assembly of complex objects.
Highlights
Dougong is one of the most remarkable features of ancient Chinese architecture and plays a vital role in the development of traditional buildings in East Asia
The aim in this study is to investigate the effectiveness of augmented reality (AR) interactive content designed for manual assembly with two focuses
The post-hoc analyses using the Scheffé test indicated that the average assembly time was significantly shorter in the paper group (mean (M) = 358.50, standard deviation (SD) = 102.48)
Summary
Dougong is one of the most remarkable features of ancient Chinese architecture (see Figure 1) and plays a vital role in the development of traditional buildings in East Asia. It is an architectural design that cushions the ceiling of the structure, and distributes the weight throughout the building [1]. A Dougong structure consists of a series of pallets placed on top of a column, wooden interior support beams, and external supporting materials. Owing to its complex structure, people usually have difficulty in understanding and learning from two-dimensional (2D) drawings and paper documentation about the construction of the Dougong. Augmented reality (AR) is a human interfacing technology that has recently become popular in various industrial and business sectors. (Human interfacing technology refers to a software and/or hardware technology with which information is shared with people using sensory stimulus.) Augmented reality (AR) is a human interfacing technology that has recently become popular in various industrial and business sectors. (Human interfacing technology refers to a software and/or hardware technology with which information is shared with people using sensory stimulus.)
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