Comparative uptake and metabolism of methazole in prickly sida and cotton

Abstract

The comparative uptake and metabolism of 14C-labeled 2-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-4-methyl-1,2,4-oxadiazolidine-3,5-dione (methazole), a herbicide, in prickly sida ( Sida spinosa L.) and cotton ( Gossypium hirsutum L.) were investigated as physiological bases for herbicidal selectivity, using thin layer chromatography, autoradiography, and liquid scintillation counting. Prickly sida and cotton readily absorbed and translocated 14C from nutrient solution containing [ 14C]methazole. Only acropetal translocation of 14C was observed. Methazole was rapidly metabolized to 1-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-3-methylurea (DCPMU) and other metabolites by both species. Although metabolism appeared to be qualitatively the same, quantitative differences between species were evident. Methazole was converted to DCPMU (also phytotoxic) more readily by prickly sida than cotton; however, DCPMU was more readily detoxified to 1-(3,4-dichlorophenyl) urea (DCPU) by cotton than prickly sida. More 14C per unit weight was present in the prickly sida shoots than in cotton shoots. Also, a larger portion of the methanol-extractable 14C was herbicidal in the shoots of prickly sida than of cotton. Thus, the differential tolerances of prickly sida and cotton to methazole may be explained, in part, by differential uptake and metabolism of methazole and DCPMU.