Abstract
BackgroundLactiplantibacillus plantarum (L. plantarum), a dominant strain in traditional fermented foods, is widely used in fermentation industry because of its fast acid production. However, L. plantarum is easily inactivated due to acidity, high temperature and other factors. The formation of biofilm by bacteria can effectively increase environmental tolerance. Therefore, it is important to improve the environmental tolerance of L. plantarum by studying its biofilm formation conditions and regulatory mechanisms.MethodsAfter determining a suitable NaCl concentration for promoting biofilm formation, L. plantarum was grown with 48 g L−1 NaCl. Differential gene expressions in L. plantarum biofilm vs. planktonic cells were analyzed using RNA sequencing and validated using qPCR.ResultL. plantarum RS66CD biofilm formation formed highest amount of when grown at 48 g L−1 NaCl. Altogether 447 genes were up-regulated and 426 genes were down-regulated in the biofilm. KEGG pathway analysis showed that genes coding for D-Alanine metabolism, peptidoglycan biosynthesis, two-component system, carbon metabolism, bacterial secretion system, lysine biosynthesis and fatty acid metabolism were crucial for biofilm formation. In addition, eight other genes related to biofilm formation were differentially expressed. Our results provide insights into the differential gene expression involved in biofilm formation, which can help to reveal gene regulation during L. plantarum biofilm formation.
Highlights
Lactiplantibacillus plantarum, a facultative heterofermentative lactobacilli, is commonly used in fermenting vegetables (Alan, Topalcengiz & Dğrak, 2018), cereals (Oguntoyinbo & Narbad, 2015), fermented dairy products (Zhang et al, 2020)
We aimed at improving the environmental tolerance of L. plantarum during fermentation and storage by inducing biofilm formation
RNA-seq results showed that added tea tree oil caused differential expression of 304 genes in Staphylococcus aureus biofilms compared to planktonic cells (Zhao et al, 2018)
Summary
Lactiplantibacillus plantarum, a facultative heterofermentative lactobacilli, is commonly used in fermenting vegetables (Alan, Topalcengiz & Dğrak, 2018), cereals (Oguntoyinbo & Narbad, 2015), fermented dairy products (Zhang et al, 2020). Comparative transcriptomic analysis of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum RS66CD biofilm in high-salt conditions and planktonic cells. Because the formation of biofilms effectively improves the resistance of microorganisms to extreme environments, studying the mechanism of biofilm formation has become a hot topic. Fe3+ promoted the secretion of EPS and increased the expression level of genes to improve the stability of biofilms in Staphylococcus epidermidis (Oliveira, France & Ccerca, 2017). RNA-seq results showed that added tea tree oil caused differential expression of 304 genes in Staphylococcus aureus biofilms compared to planktonic cells (Zhao et al, 2018).
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