Comparative Transcriptome Analysis Reveals the Transcriptional Alterations in Growth- and Development-Related Genes in Sweet Potato Plants Infected and Non-Infected by SPFMV, SPV2, and SPVG.

Jiang Shi,Yueqing Zhu,Wenyue Chen,Huasheng Ma,Baiyuan Yan,Lin Zhao,Songlin Ruan

doi:10.3390/ijms20051012

Jiang Shi, Yueqing Zhu + Show 5 more

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https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20051012

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Abstract

Field co-infection of multiple viruses results in considerable losses in the yield and quality of storage roots in sweet potato. However, little is known about the molecular mechanisms underlying developmental disorders of sweet potato subjected to co-infection by multiple viruses. Here, a comparative transcriptomic analysis was performed to reveal the transcriptional alterations in sweet potato plants infected (VCSP) and non-infected (VFSP) by Sweet potato mild mottle virus (SPFMV), Sweet potato virus Y (SPV2) and Sweet potato virus G (SPVG). A total of 1580 and 12,566 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in leaves and storage roots of VFSP and VCSP plants, respectively. In leaves, 707 upregulated and 773 downregulated genes were identified, whereas 5653 upregulated and 6913 downregulated genes were identified in storage roots. Gene Ontology (GO) classification and pathway enrichment analysis showed that the expression of genes involved in chloroplast and photosynthesis and brassinosteroid (BR) biosynthesis in leaves and the vitamin biosynthetic process in storage roots was inhibited by co-infection of three viruses: SPFMV, SPV2, and SPVG. This was likely closely related to better photosynthesis and higher contents of Vitamin C (Vc) in storage roots of VFSP than that of VCSP. While some genes involved in ribosome and secondary metabolite-related pathways in leaves and alanine, aspartate, and glutamate metabolism in storage roots displayed higher expression in VCSP than in VFSP. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis demonstrated that the expression patterns of 26 DEGs, including 16 upregulated genes and 10 downregulated genes were consistent with the RNA-seq data from VFSP and VCSP. Taken together, this study integrates the results of morphology, physiology, and comparative transcriptome analyses in leaves and storage roots of VCSP and VFSP to reveal transcriptional alterations in growth- and development-related genes, providing new insight into the molecular mechanisms underlying developmental disorders of sweet potato subjected to co-infection by multiple viruses.

Highlights

IntroductionThe main producing areas of sweet potato in the world are located at 40 degrees north latitude
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Gene Ontology (GO) classification and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis showed that the majority of proteins encoded by upregulated genes in VFSP leaves were localized in chloroplast and its structural components, including photosystem I, photosystem II, thylakoid and stroma, and involved in multiple biological processes associated with photosynthesis and porphyrin and chlorophyll metabolism

Summary

Introduction

The main producing areas of sweet potato in the world are located at 40 degrees north latitude. Asia has the largest area of cultivated sweet potato, followed by Africa, and North America is the third largest. China is the largest sweet potato-producing country in the world, with a total planting area of over 3 million hectares and an annual output of 0.72 billion tons [1]. According to a survey in certain areas in China, including Shandong, Anhui, Beijing, Jiangsu, and other provinces, the yield loss of sweet potato caused by virus diseases can exceed 50%, resulting in an economic loss of approximately five hundred million dollars [2]. The adverse effect of virus diseases on sweet potato production is of increasing concern

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