Abstract
The posttranscriptional gene regulation mediated by microRNAs (miRNAs) plays an important role in various species. However, to date limited miRNAs have been reported between fat and muscle tissues in beef cattle. In this paper, 412 known and 22 novel miRNAs in backfat as well as 334 known and 10 novel miRNAs in longissimus thoracis were identified in the Chinese Qinchuan beef cattle. Bta-miR-199a-3p, -154c, -320a and -432 were expressed at higher levels in backfat tissue, while bta-miR-1, -133a, -206, and -378 were also significantly enriched in muscle tissue. Functional analysis revealed that fat-enriched miRNAs targeted PRKAA1/2, PPARA and PPARG genes to modulate lipid and fatty acid metabolism, and muscle-enriched miRNAs targeted CSRP3 gene to present function involved in skeletal and muscular system development. The results obtained may help in the design of new selection strategies to improve beef quality.
Highlights
MiRNAs are single-strand RNA molecules of,22 nucleotides in length [1], which play a crucial role in developmental processes by regulating the expression of target transcripts [2]
In myocyte proliferation and differentiation, miR-206 was the first miRNA showed to play an important role in skeletal muscle development by regulating the expression of connexin43 in C2C12 cells, a gap junction protein required for skeletal myoblast fusion [5]
Deep sequencing of bovine short RNAs In order to identify novel and differentially expressed miRNAs between Qinchuan bovine adult Qinchuan backfat (AF) and AM, two small RNA libraries were constructed for Illumina sequencing technology, and each library was pooled by five replicates
Summary
MiRNAs are single-strand RNA molecules of ,22 nucleotides in length [1], which play a crucial role in developmental processes by regulating the expression of target transcripts [2]. In myocyte proliferation and differentiation, miR-206 was the first miRNA showed to play an important role in skeletal muscle development by regulating the expression of connexin in C2C12 cells, a gap junction protein required for skeletal myoblast fusion [5]. Deletion of mir-14 resulted in animals with increased levels of triacylglycerol and diacylglycerol, whereas increases in mir-14 copy number had the converse effect. Another earlier study demonstrated that miR-143 is involved in adipocyte differentiation and may act through target gene extracellular-regulated protein kinase 5 (ERK5) [14]. The miRNAs have been indentified to play crucial roles in muscle and adipose development, but the underlying mechanisms for the changes observed in these tissues remain largely unknown, which warrants further studies
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