Comparative transcriptome analysis of translucent flesh disorder in mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.) fruits in response to different water regimes.

Toshinori Kozaki,Deden Derajat Matra,Roedhy Poerwanto,Zhong-Hua Chen,Kazuo Ishii,Eiichi Inoue

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0219976

Toshinori Kozaki, Deden Derajat Matra + Show 4 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0219976

Copy DOI

Abstract

Translucent flash disorder (TFD) is one of the important physiological disorders in mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.). TFD has symptoms such as flesh arils that become firm and appear transparent similar to watercore in apple or pear. Information on the changes of gene expression in TFD-affected tissues remain limited, and investigations into the effects of different water regimes still need to be undertaken. Through an RNA sequencing approach using the Ion Proton, 183,274 contigs with length ranging from 173–13,035 bp were constructed by de novo assembly. Functional annotation was analyzed using various public databases such as non-redundant protein NCBI, SwissProt, and Gene Ontology, and KEGG pathway. Our studies compared different water regimes to incidence and differentially expressed genes of TFD-like physiological disorders. From the differentially expressed gene (DEG) between normal air and TFD-affected aril, we identified DEG-related TFD events, which 6228 DEGs in the control condition and 3327 DEGs in under water stress treatment condition remained, and confirmed these with RT-qPCR, including sucrose synthase (SUSY), endoglucanase (GUN), xyloglucan endotransglucosylase/hydrolase (XTH), and polygalacturonase (PG) showed statistically significant. In addition, transcription factors also indicated changes in MYB, NAC and WRKY between tissues and different water regimes.

Highlights

Plant physiological disorders occur during plant development; these are not visible and are usually difficult to identify from outside [1]
The incidence of Translucent flash disorder (TFD) was highest for the covered land surface, with an average score of 60%, and lowest for the control (26.67%)
The present study is to report transcriptomic analysis for elucidating the physiological disorders in mangosteen, namely translucent flesh disorder responses to different water regimes

Summary

Introduction

Plant physiological disorders occur during plant development; these are not visible and are usually difficult to identify from outside [1]. In horticultural products such as fruits that are consumed as a fresh product, the appearance of physiological disorders influences consumer tastes, downgrades quality, and lowers pricing. The postharvest losses in fresh-consumed horticultural products are estimated at approximately 5–35% in developed countries, and this. Transcriptome analysis of translucent flesh disorder in mangosteen increases to approximately 20–50% in developing countries [2]. Fruits with physiological disorders such as TFD are generally rejected by consumers less than 20% of total production

Methods

Results

Conclusion