Abstract
Culturing the economically important macroalga Gracilariopsis lemaneiformis (Rhodophyta) is limited due to the high temperatures in the summertime on the southern Chinese coast. Previous studies have demonstrated that two phytohormones, salicylic acid (SA) and methyl jasmonate (MJ), can alleviate the adverse effects of high-temperature stress on Gp. lemaneiformis. To elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying SA- and MJ-mediated heat tolerance, we performed comprehensive analyses of transcriptome-wide gene expression profiles using RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) technology. A total of 14,644 unigenes were assembled, and 10,501 unigenes (71.71%) were annotated to the reference databases. In the SA, MJ and SA/MJ treatment groups, 519, 830, and 974 differentially expressed unigenes were detected, respectively. Unigenes related to photosynthesis and glycometabolism were enriched by SA, while unigenes associated with glycometabolism, protein synthesis, heat shock and signal transduction were increased by MJ. A crosstalk analysis revealed that 216 genes were synergistically regulated, while 18 genes were antagonistically regulated by SA and MJ. The results indicated that the two phytohormones could mitigate the adverse effects of heat on multiple pathways, and they predominantly acted synergistically to resist heat stress. These results will provide new insights into how SA and MJ modulate the molecular mechanisms that counteract heat stress in algae.
Highlights
Gracilariopsis lemaneiformis (Rhodophyta) is regarded as one of the most important commercial species of algae due to its use in high-quality agar production
The Q20 percentage ranged from 97.87% to 98.30% of the reads
A 2-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) proteomics analysis revealed the involvement of thirteen proteins in heat tolerance, including proteins that are associated with photosynthesis, energy metabolism, protein-folding catalysis, transcription, and molecular chaperoning [16]
Summary
Gracilariopsis lemaneiformis (Rhodophyta) is regarded as one of the most important commercial species of algae due to its use in high-quality agar production. The large-scale cultivation of Gp. lemaneiformis can be an effective bioremediation measure for eutrophication control in seawater [1]. Wild Gp. lemaneiformis originated on the northern coast of China, and heat-resistant strain 981 of this alga was extensively cultivated on China’s southern coasts. High temperatures in the summertime have limited the Gp. lemaneiformis industry
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