Abstract
Purpose: To evaluate the effect of the fourth-generation fluoroquinolones gatifloxacin and moxifloxacin on the rate of corneal epithelial cell migration and comeal cell proliferation in vitro. These processes are important steps in ocular surface healing. Methods: Epithelial cell migration- measurements were made in primary cultures of rabbit comeal epithelial cells treated with gatifloxacin, moxifloxacin, ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, and levofloxacin. Circular defects were made in confluent epithelial cell cultures that were continuously treated with the fluoroquinolones at 0.2-1.0 mmol/L in culture medium at 37°C for up to 73 hours. Digital images of the defects were made at approximately 10- to 15-hour intervals and the rate of decrease in defect area was calculated. The effects of fluoroquinolones on cell proliferation were measured with rabbit corneal epithelial cells, rabbit corneal stromal fibroblasts, and human corneal epithelial cells via metabolic reduction using a redox indicator dye. Results: All the fluoroquinolones evaluated caused a concentration-dependent decrease in the rate of corneal epithelial cell migration. When we compared the 2 fourth-generation fluoroquinolones, moxifloxacin and gatifloxacin had approximately equal activity at the lower concentrations. However, at higher concentrations, moxifloxacin was a stronger inhibitor of comeal epithelial cell migration than gatifloxacin when evaluated at equimolar concentrations. In the more sensitive human cell cultures, cell proliferation was inhibited less by gatifloxacin than by moxifloxacin. Conclusions: All tested fluoroquinolones inhibited the processes involved in ocular surface healing, epithelial cell migration and proliferation, in a concentration-dependent manner. Comparing 2 fourth-generation fluoroquinolones, we found that gatifloxacin was less inhibitory to the processes involved in comeal reepithelialization.
Published Version
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