Abstract
Pigeonpea [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millspaugh] is an economically important legume playing a crucial role in the semi-arid tropics. Pigeonpea is susceptible to Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner), which causes devastating yield losses. This pest is developing resistance to many commercially available insecticides. Therefore, crop wild relatives of pigeonpea, are being considered as potential sources of genes to expand the genetic base of cultivated pigeonpea to improve traits such as host plant resistance to pests and pathogens. Quantitative proteomic analysis was conducted using the tandem mass tag platform to identify differentially abundant proteins between IBS 3471 and ICPL 87 tolerant accession and susceptible variety to H. armigera, respectively. Leaf proteome were analysed at the vegetative and flowering/podding growth stages. H. armigera tolerance in IBS 3471 appeared to be related to enhanced defence responses, such as changes in secondary metabolite precursors, antioxidants, and the phenylpropanoid pathway. The development of larvae fed on an artificial diet with IBS 3471 lyophilised leaves showed similar inhibition with those fed on an artificial diet with quercetin concentrations with 32 mg/25 g of artificial diet. DAB staining (3,3′-diaminobenzidine) revealed a rapid accumulation of reactive oxygen species in IBS 3471. We conclude that IBS 3471 is an ideal candidate for improving the genetic base of cultivated pigeonpea, including traits for host plant resistance.
Highlights
Pigeonpea [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millspaugh] is the sixth most important legume grain in the world, representing 5% of world legume production [1]
The 3D Principal Component Analysis (PCA) plot result showed the accumulated proteins clustered together according to growth stages and genotypes/species (IBS 3471 or ICPL 87)
The results showed that quercetin inhibited the growth and development of H. armigera larvae (Figure 6)
Summary
Pigeonpea [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millspaugh] is the sixth most important legume grain in the world, representing 5% of world legume production [1]. It is grown in the semi-arid tropics on over seven million hectares across the globe, with annual production approaching six million tonnes per year [2]. H. armigera causes substantial economic losses globally and is one of the most devastating pests worldwide. This is due to its extreme polyphagous nature, migratory behaviour, high and rapid fecundity rate, diapause capability, and ability to adapt to a new environment. The CWRs possess genes for resistance to several stresses such as insect pests, pathogens, and other agronomic constraints [6]
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