Comparative study on the fatty acid and lipid composition of four marine fish larvae

Abstract

1. 1. Fatty acid and lipid class composition were determined in larvae of four marine species: Atlantic halibut ( Hippoglossus hippoglossus L.), plaice ( Pleuronectes platessa), cod ( Gadus morhua) and turbot ( Scophthalmus maximus) at hatching and prior to first feeding. 2. 2. Total fatty acid content decreased in the four species with up to 50% reduction in one of the halibut groups. Docosahexanaoic acid (22:6 n-3) was especially utilized. 3. 3. Low lipid utilization was found in turbot in relation to the other three species. 4. 4. Water environmental temperature may explain some of the differences in the fatty acid utilization and the source of metabolic energy between cold water species (halibut, cod, and plaice) and temperate species (turbot), in the period from hatching to prior to first feeding. 5. 5. Relative amounts of neutral lipids and phospholipids were similar in plaice, cod and halibut, approximately 25% and 75% of total lipids, respectively, and were approximately constant during the yolk-sac stage. Neutral lipids were dominant for turbot at hatching, accounting for 53–55% of the total lipids, while phospholipids predominated prior to first feeding, being 56–59%. 6. 6. Phosphatidylcholine was catabolized in halibut, plaice and cod but not in turbot, while phosphatidylethanolamine tended to be synthesized in all four species.