Comparative study on propofol and ketamine total intravenous anaesthesia in midazolam-butorphanol premedicated goats

Abstract

A study was conducted during January to July 2020 to compare the clinical, physiological and haemodynamic effects of propofol and ketamine total intravenous anaesthesia in midazolam-butorphanol premedicated goats. Twelve goats presented for various surgical procedures were divided randomly into propofol (PRO) and ketamine (KET) group having six animals each. Goats were premedicated with intravenous midazolam (@ 0.3 mg/kg) and butorphanol (@ 0.2 mg/kg) combination. Anaesthesia was inducted with intravenous propofol (PRO group) and ketamine (KET group) administration (@ 2 mg/kg body weight). Anaesthesia was maintained with intermittent intravenous injections of propofol and ketamine in respective groups. Efficacy of anaesthesia was assessed on the basis of clinico-physiological and haemodynamic parameters. Induction time, induction dose, propofol maintenance dose, recovery quality, mean recovery time, time to recovery of swallowing reflex, sternal recumbency time and standing time were significantly (p<0.05) lower in PRO group compared to KET group. Heart rate and mean arterial pressure was significantly (p<0.05) higher in KET group. Respiration rate and SpO2were significantly (p<0.05) lower in PRO group. No significant difference in scores of salivation, pedal reflex, induction quality, time to first head movement and rectal temperature was observed between the two groups. To conclude, total intravenous anaesthesia with propofol under midazolam-butorphanol premedication is a better anaesthetic choice compared to ketamine in goats as it provides smooth, rapid induction, excellent muscle relaxation, better recovery quality, and shorter recovery and standing times.