Abstract
Electrochemical measurements and surface analysis are performed to comparatively study flow-accelerated corrosion (FAC) and erosion–corrosion (E-C) behavior at a 90° carbon steel bend. The corrosion rates are higher under FAC conditions than those under E-C conditions. For FAC, the corrosion is more serious at the inside wall. However, corrosion is exacerbated at the outside wall under E-C conditions. No erosion scratches are observed under FAC conditions and at the inside wall under E-C conditions, while remarkable erosion scratches appear at the outside wall under E-C conditions. The dominant hydrodynamics affecting FAC and E-C are remarkably different.
Highlights
Corrosion under fluid flow, which will cause wall thinning and an even perforation of pipelines, is a major issue in oil and gas production [1,2,3]
Mechanical erosion and the interaction between erosion and corrosion under single-phase flow are so small that they can be neglected, while the total weight loss of materials caused by E-C is generally much higher than the sum of pure electrochemical corrosion and pure mechanical erosion owning to the synergistic effect of erosion and corrosion [11,12,13]
The total E-C rate and total corrosion rate are higher at the outside wall under two-phase flow, while the corrosion rate is higher at the inside wall under single-phase flow (Figures 2 and 3)
Summary
Corrosion under fluid flow, which will cause wall thinning and an even perforation of pipelines, is a major issue in oil and gas production [1,2,3]. Corrosion under fluid flow usually gives rise to the premature failure of flow parts and the bankruptcy of oil and gas enterprise, resulting in tremendous pecuniary loss, environmental pollution, and security, lurking peril [4,5]. Owing to the synergism between erosion and corrosion, which is the coupling between electrochemical and mechanical processes, it is challenging to authentically grasp the essential origins of the material failure and dependably forecast the lifespan of pipelines [8,9,10]. Corrosion under single-phase flow is known as flow-accelerated corrosion (FAC). The impacts of hydraulics on the FAC and E-C have not been adequately understood
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