Comparative study on efficacy of chlorthalidone and azilsartan in confirmed cases of hypertension associated with ace gene polymorphism

Abstract

The angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene consists of 26 exons, it is located on chromosome 17 and its polymorphism is a major contributing factor to hypertension. The aim is to compare the efficacy of Chlorthalidone and Azilsartan in newly diagnosed hypertension patients in association with ACE gene polymorphism. The study was conducted in the department of pharmacology, Rama medical college, Kanpur. After doing genetic test and basic investigation, 90 newly diagnosed patients with hypertension associated with ACE gene polymorphism were recruited, followed by grouping into two A&B. Group-A(n=45) patients were given Azilsartan 45mg/day and group-B(n=45) patients were given Chlorthalidone 25mg/day for 3 months. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP& DBP) was measured before and after 3 months of treatment in both groups and they were compared. Three genotypes were found in ACE gene polymorphism-associated hypertension cases such as I/I, I/D and D/D, the severity of hypertension is more in the D/D genotype followed by I/D and I/I genotypes. All three genotypes of both group-A & B had shown a significant mean reduction in SBP& DBP after 3 months of treatment (p<0.05) but the mean reduction was high in the I/I genotype followed by the I/D and then D/D genotype.