Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus bacteria are one of the leading microorganisms responsible for nosocomial infections as well as being the primary causative pathogen of skin and wound infections. Currently, the therapy of staphylococcal diseases faces many difficulties, due to a variety of mechanisms of resistance and virulence factors. Moreover, a number of infections caused by S. aureus are connected with biofilm formation that impairs effectiveness of the therapy. Short cationic lipopeptides that are designed on the basis of the structure of antimicrobial peptides are likely to provide a promising alternative to conventional antibiotics. Many research groups have proved a high antistaphylococcal potential of lipopeptides, however, the use of different protocols for determination of antimicrobial activity may be the reason for inconsistency of the results. The aim of this study was to learn how the use of various bacteriological media as well as solvents may affect activity of lipopeptides and their cyclic analogs. Obtained results showed a great impact of these variables. For example, cyclic analogs were more effective when dissolved in an aqueous solution of acetic acid and bovine serum albumin (BSA). The greater activity against planktonic cultures was found in brain-heart infusion broth (BHI) and tryptic-soy broth (TSB), while the antibiofilm activity was higher in the Mueller-Hinton medium.
Highlights
Staphylococcus aureus is one of the major pathogens responsible for variety of community- and hospital-acquired infections ranging from topical and harmless skin infections to severe systemic disorders such as endocarditis, necrotizing pneumonia, osteomyelitis or even sepsis [1,2]
S. aureus and S. epidermidis are likely to belong to skin physiological flora, in some cases they can lead to opportunistic diseases
Many factors were taken into account, including the type of microbiological
Summary
Staphylococcus aureus is one of the major pathogens responsible for variety of community- and hospital-acquired infections ranging from topical and harmless skin infections to severe systemic disorders such as endocarditis, necrotizing pneumonia, osteomyelitis or even sepsis [1,2]. Prevalence of staphylococcal diseases is related to the fact that some strains of the genus Staphylococcus such as S. aureus and S. epidermidis are typical skin colonizers. S. aureus and S. epidermidis are likely to belong to skin physiological flora, in some cases they can lead to opportunistic diseases. Those two strains have been shown to be the most frequent causative factors of nosocomial infections on indwelling devices [5]. Treatment of staphylococcal diseases faces many difficulties, mainly because of a facile transmission (e.g., through exposure of the hands of healthcare workers), a variety of virulence factors, development of resistance to antibiotics, and the ability to adhere and form biofilm [4,6]. It seems likely that bacteria in some conditions prefer to form biofilm, firstly
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