Abstract
Heat transfer fluids are a dynamic factor that affects the costs and size of heat exchangers. However, low thermal properties of accessible coolants like water and oils place a setback on the growth of heat transfer to attain high-performance cooling. The paper presents a numerical analysis of a comparative study on thermal characteristics of Al 2 O 3 , CuO, AlN, and SiC water-based nanofluids in a square cavity. The cavity is surrounded by a hot moving horizontal plate, an adiabatic vertical wall on the right, and the left vertical and lower horizontal sides by cold isothermal walls. The governing equations were solved using finite approximation techniques to assess the thermal characteristics of the four different nanofluids in the enclosure with varying sizes of nanoparticles in the range of 1% ≤ φ ≤ 10%. The results reveal that CuO has a different pattern of heat characteristics compared to other nanofluids. CuO has the highest Nusselt number of 58.4715, and Al 2 O 3 has the least value of 58.4634 at a 10 % volume fraction. Nanoparticle size has a substantial influence on the thermal attributes of the four nanofluids. This work indicates that different nanofluids have satisfactory thermal characteristics than based fluid water, which determines its applications. Keywords Cavity, Nanofluids, Natural convection, Heat transfer enhancement DOI: 10.7176/JIEA/11-2-08 Publication date: September 30 th 2021
Highlights
Suspensions of solid sub-micron- and nanometer-sized particles in different fluids are called nanofluids, were considered for usage as an enhancement of heat transfer fluids for practically two decades
This paper presents a numerical examination of a comparative study on heat transfer behaviour and www.iiste.org thermal attributes of metallic and nonmetallic nanofluids such as Aluminum Oxide, Al2O3, Copper Oxide, CuO, Aluminum Nitride, AlN, and Silicon Carbide, SiC water-based nanofluids in a square cavity
The plate makes the upper wall of the cavity and is surrounded by an adiabatic vertical wall on the right, a fixed isothermal vertical wall adjacent to the extrusion die surface on the left and a fixed horizontal isothermal fence on the lower part, and The temperature Tw of the upper horizontal wall is higher than that of the lower horizontal wall (i.e., Tw > T∞) natural convective motion arose in the cavity
Summary
Suspensions of solid sub-micron- and nanometer-sized particles in different fluids are called nanofluids, were considered for usage as an enhancement of heat transfer fluids for practically two decades. Numerous sizes of assessments were devoted to the characterization of different thermo-physical properties of nanofluids, such as thermal conductivity, viscosity, and clusters of nanoparticles (Wang and Mujumdar, 2007 & Sangotayo and Hunge, 2020). The influence of nanofluids knowledge is estimated to be relevant, considering that the heat transfer performance of heat exchangers or chilling processes is essential in many industries (Murshed, 2008). Nnanna et al (2009) produced a nanofluid heat exchanger for electronic cooling devices and showed how the system's effectiveness enriched concerning conventional apparatus. A numerical examination of the cooling effectiveness of a microchannel heat sink with nanofluids was presented (Jang and Choi, 2006). Results showed that the thermal opposition and the heat variance of nanofluids reduced between the heated microchannel wall and the coolant
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