Abstract
This study investigates the transient performance of two variable speed wind turbines (VSWTs), namely doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) and the permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG), that are widely employed in wind energy conversion, considering their machine parameters. The machine parameters of both wind turbines were changed considering different scenarios, while keeping other parameters constant, to study the behavior of the wind generators. This study was carried out using the same operating conditions of rated wind speed, based on the characteristics of both wind turbine technologies. The wind turbines were subjected to a severe three phase to ground bolted fault to test the robustness of their controllers during grid fault conditions. Efforts were made to carry out an extensive comparative study to investigate the machine parameters that have more influence on the stability of the different wind turbines considered in this study. Simulations were carried out using power system computer-aided design and electromagnetic transient including DC (PSCAD/EMTDC). Effective machine parameter selection could help solve fault ride-through (FRT) problems cost-effectively for both VSWTs, without considering the external circuitry of and changing the original architecture of the wind turbines.
Highlights
Variable speed wind turbines (VSWTs) are the new norms for the installation of wind farms
This type is a severe three-phase fault of 100 ms happening at 0.1 s, with the circuit breakers operation sequence opening and reclosing at 0.2 and 1.0 s, respectively, on the faulted line at the terminals of the doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) wind turbine
Some of the simulation results for the cases considered are shown in Figures 7–15B, based on the design machine parameters obtained from the manufacturers of the wind turbine
Summary
Variable speed wind turbines (VSWTs) are the new norms for the installation of wind farms. The characteristics of the DFIG wind turbine used in this study are shown, with the range of the rotor speed between 0.7 and 1.3 p.u. The DFIG equivalent circuit (Okedu, 2019b, 2020) tied to the power grid is shown, with the back-to-back power converters linking the point of common coupling (PCC). The DFIG rotor side converter (RSC) control scheme is shown, where the q and d axis rotor currents iqr and idr regulate the active and reactive power (Ps, Qs), of the stator, respectively. The grid side converter (GSC) of the wind generator, as shown, utilizes the AC grid reference frame to regulate the DC-link voltage and flow of reactive power exchange (i.e., absorption and dissipation) in the PCC according to the power flow direction of the rotor circuit of the wind turbine. The extraction of the phase angle (θg) of the grid side is done by considering the PLL
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