Abstract
Many researchers have studied the metabolism of toxics including selenium (Se) in biological medium in rats and defined some correlations between selenium and other minerals as arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), mercury (Hg), and thallium (Tl). An investigation of the potential influences of As, Hg, Tl and Pb on Se metabolism, which can suggest new drugs to cope the poisonousness of Se. The current study also has looked into the potential use of As(III)/As(V) toxic in the treatment of essential mineral Se in the animals (as rats) based on sequestration of these toxic elements into biologically inert complexes, reflecting the enormous interest in this subject. The acute studies have been initially achieved by shaping the pulmonary and biliary excretions of the volatile Se in neonatal masculine Holtzman rats which were injected with selenite subcutaneously in the hind flank, then the volatile Se was trapped in 8N HNO3 and the radioselenate detected in a scintillation counter. The chronic cases were carried out with the nursing of rats with a purified diet of water-soluble vitamin mix, fat-soluble vitamin mix, saccharides, oil, and salts. One week after the basic diet, the rats taken Se have received diets containing 10 ppm of the element as sodium selenite (Na2SeO3) or selenate (Na2SeO4) added in the salts. The calorimeter was used to analyze Se in the frozen tissue specimens. As, Hg, and Tl were repressed the volatized Se excreted from the lungs. As has assisted the biliary excretion of Se and inhibited the chronic selenosis. Tl has increased the retention of Se in the liver and kidney, but, had no chronic effect on the amount of Se deposited in all the studied tissues. Similarly, Hg has increased the retention of Se but in the spleen and carcass of rats indicating to the high Se concentration in blood. Hg and Tl have inhibited the Se in urine. No effects of the doses rich in As, Hg, and Tl on the Se excretion in fecal. Even though, we suggest As as a possible medication to chronic selenosis.
Highlights
Many countries have posed several legislations [1] and slated very specific strategies [2] in pharmaceutical industry that serve health challenge [3]
The metabolism of Se is reliant on the valency state and the dose amount of the elements, in addition to the interval period among shoots
As compounds have successfully proved themselves as a medication of liver damage, which can be suggested as supplemented ingredients in releasing Se from various tissues
Summary
Many countries have posed several legislations [1] and slated very specific strategies [2] in pharmaceutical industry that serve health challenge [3]. These created new modifying rules and regulations should control the added ingredients to the drugs including minerals and radioactive materials but in innocuous quantities [1,2]. These supplemented constituents to the pharmaceutical products should be analyzed in reliable analytical procedures [4] which must satisfy the international pharmacological standards [2]. Four organoarsenic drugs, namely roxarsone, carbasone, arsanilic acid, and nitarsone, were used for many years as veterinary feed additives to prevent certain diseases in poultry, in 2014 and 2015, the U.S Food and Drug Administration formally withdrew the approval for the use of these animal drug products
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