Comparative Study of Single Stage and Two Stage Spectrum Sensing in Cognitive Radio

Abstract

Cognitive Radio (CR) relies on spectrum sensing to find spectral “white spaces” in which to conduct opportunistic communication. While classical energy detection (ED) performs better and faster at high SNR and whose performance is poor at low SNR, Matched filet detection approach, cyclostationary and Eigen value-based approaches function well for lower SNR, although application complication is considerable. This is based on a decade-long investigation into spectrum sensing. A unique twostage spectrum sensing method based on ED at first stage and the matched filter detection (MF) second stage is proposed in the work. The same is compared with the existing twostage Spectrum Sensing ED and CD, and also with single stage spectrum sensing techniques such as ED and MF. The simulations results clearly indicate that the proposed system offers better Probability of detection ( <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$P_{d}$</tex> ) and low Probability of false alarm ( <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$P_{fa}$</tex> ) in comparison with the existing twostage and classical single stage techniques at low SNR values.