Comparative Study of Single Dose Intravenous Ondansetron and Metoclopramide as a Premedication for Prevention of Post Operative Nausea and Vomiting in Obstetrical Laparoscopic Surgery under General Anaesthesia

Abstract

Post Operative Nausea Vomiting (PONV) is the most unpleasant and distressing consequence in the immediate post-operative period especially after general anesthesia. PONV can delay discharge and may result in unplanned over night hospital admissions. This is prospective randomized control study of 60 ASA grade I/II patients recruited at Seth G.S. Medical College to find out the efficacy, duration of action, haemodynamic stability, side effects of ondansetran and metclopromide lower the incidence of PONV in 24 hr of post operative period. The study was undertaken with an aim to investigate 1) The nausea and vomiting in immediate post operative period. 2) Efficacy of single dose I.V. injection of ondansetran (4mg) and metclopromide on PONV and 3) Side effects of these drugs. Early antiemetic efficacy abolition of vomiting after 1 , 4, 12 hrs was 3.66, 10 and 3.33% respectively from the administration of the study drugs with no further vomiting or nausea episodes after 24 hrs was in the ondansetron group. Similarly, abolition of vomiting after 1 , 4, 12 and 24 hrs was 20, 20 ,16.66 and 3.33 % respectively in the metoclopramide group compared to the placebo group (P < 0.001). This difference was still significant when controlling for age, body weight, history of motion sickness, previous PONV episodes, duration of anesthesia, and intraoperative fentanyl consumption using a logistic model. Therefore the overall results indicated that ondansetran is more effective than metchlopromide for the prevention of PONV.