Comparative Study of Phytochemical Profiles and Antioxidant Properties of Hydrosols from Bulgarian Rosa Alba L. and Rosa Damascena Mill.

Abstract

This study assessed phytochemical profile and antioxidant capacity of hydrosols, obtained by water-steam distillation of Rosa alba L. and Rosa damascena Mill. plants, grown in experimental field of the Institute of Rose and Essential Oil Plants, Bulgaria. The identification of hydrosols’ compounds was performed using 7890A/5975 GC-MS system, the total phenolic content (TPC) was determined quantitatively using the Folin Ciocalteu reagent, with Gallic acid as the standard and the antioxidant capacity of both hydrosols in concentration of 0.3 % up to 15 % were tested in liposomal suspension, and in systems generating either hydroxyl and superoxide anion radicals. The results showed that hydrosols were rich in geraniol (42.55 % for Rosa alba L., and 27.25 % for Rosa damascena Mill.) and citronellol (28.70 % in both hydrosols). The hydrosolic TPC of Rosa alba L. and of Rosa damascena Mill. were found to be 72 and 32.52 μg/ml of the Gallic acid equivalent, respectively. Both hydrosols demonstrated good capacity to inhibit Fe2+/ascorbic acid - induced lipid peroxidation in egg liposomal model system as the effect of Rosa alba L. hydrosol in all tested concentrations was higher than those of Rosa damascena Mill. However, Rosa damascena Mill. demonstrated better •OH scavenger effect than that of Rosa alba L. These results suggest that the hydrosols from Rosa alba L. and Rosa damascena Mill. have well-expressed antioxidant properties that could be used as antioxidant supplements in conditions with oxidative stress ethology.