Abstract
Mangoes are naturally very rich subtropical fruit with unique flavor, fragrance, taste and health promoting compounds like phytochemicals which consists of carotenoids, phenolic, alkaloids, nitrogen containing compounds and organo sulphur. Out of which carotenoids and phenolic are most important healthy ingredients. The different cultivars popularly available in Bihar are – Amrapali, Maldah, Jardalu and Sinduri. Amrapali and Maldah cultivars are very popular in North Bihar as well as Central Bihar while Jardalu is famous particularly in Bhagalpur (Vikramshila region). Sinduri cultivar of mango is common in South Bihar. All the four cultivars of mango were collected and investigated for carotenoids, phenolics, reducing sugar and other parameters in the peels and pulps of green mature (GM) stage and fully ripe (FR) stages of all the cultivars. Carotenoids contents and phenolic contents in all the four cultivars of mangoes were analyzed by solvent extraction method followed by spectrophotometric method. Among the different mango cultivars Amrapali contains the highest amount of carotenoids which is about 27 mg/100g followed by Maldah containing about 22.34 mg/100g. Jardalu and Sinduri cultivars contains 20.45 mg/100g and 21.67 mg/100g respectively. With respect to total phenolic again Amrapali cultivar is found to be the richest with 78mg GAE/100g in its peel. Maldah and Jardalu have almost the same content of phenolics with 40; 44 mg GAE/100 g and 300; 305.49 mg GAE/100g of their pulp and peels respectively. The Sinduri cultivar has been found to possess the lowest content of total phenolics with 30.29 mg GAE/100 g and 269.85 mg GAE/100 g of its pulp and peels respectively. For all the cultivars peels were found with greater contents of phenolics than that of pulp but for Amrapali and Maldah the carotenoids content were found less in their peels than their pulp, but for the rest two varieties the carotenoids content is slightly greater in peels than pulp.
Highlights
Phytochemicals are highly bioactive compounds in fruits, vegetables, grains and other plant
Result and Discussion In the present study the four different cultivars of mangoes which is Amrapali, Maldah, Jardalu and Singuri popularly found in different parts of Bihar state have been analyzed for different parameters like pH, moisture content (MC), Reducing Sugar (RS), Total phenolics and Total carotenoids and their comparison has been presented in table 1 and 2
From the present studies of four cultivars of mangoes popularly found in different region of Bihar state revealed that all the four cultivars contain the appreciable amount of various phytochemicals like reducing sugar, total phenolics, carotenoids in their peels and pulps in both Green Mature (GM) and Fully Ripe (FR) stages
Summary
Phytochemicals are highly bioactive compounds in fruits, vegetables, grains and other plant. S. Kittiphoan [14] has published a review on the utilization of mango seed showing the presence of several minerals, amino acid and other valuable nutritional chemicals in the mango seed kernel and it can be used as functional food ingredient. Kittiphoan [14] has published a review on the utilization of mango seed showing the presence of several minerals, amino acid and other valuable nutritional chemicals in the mango seed kernel and it can be used as functional food ingredient Apart from these extraordinary human health activities mango seed kernel extract has exhibited antisnake venoms and potent antibacterial activities [15], [16]. The present study was contemplated to evaluate and compare the phytochemical contents in the pulp and peel of four different cultivars of mango which is Amrapali, Maldah, Jardalu and Sinduri popularly four in Bihar
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