Comparative study of neonatal and maternal adverse outcomes in women with gestational diabetes mellitus followed or treated with insulin versus dietary regimen

Abstract

Aim: Primary aim of this study is to compare the neonatal and maternal complications of women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) treated with insulin or followed by diet. Secondary aim is to evaluate the rate of cesarean section and indications of that.
 Methods: Women with GDM were divided into two groups as insulin (n=110) and diet (n=200). Demographic data, antenatal follow-up measurements, gestational week at birth and type of delivery were recorded. Neonatal complications (neonatal intensive care admission, shoulder dystocia, hypoglycemia, low apgar score) and maternal complications (thrombosis, hypoglycemia and cellulitis) were recorded. Total and primary cesarean section rates were calculated by dividing them according to indications. Statistical analysis between groups was performed.
 Results:
 Age and body mass index were not statistically significant in both groups. Low apgar score, admission to neonatal intensive care, postpartum maternal complications and primary cesarean section rate were statistically significantly higher in the insulin group compared to the diet group (p