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Abstract
Every child deserves a fair chance in life. However, migrant children are at higher risk of developing mental health problems. The problem of migrant children who have left their hukou registration place for 6 months or longer with their parents from rural areas to cities in China has become a unique social issue in the social transformation of China. However, even up to this day, little is known about life satisfaction of migrant children in small and medium-sized cities. To investigate the current situation of migrant children’s life satisfaction, several scales including Chinese Adolescent Students’ Life Satisfaction Questionnaire, Social Economic Status Scale, Social Support Rating Scale and big five inventory were used to obtain data on 142 migrant children and 165 local primary school students. Results showed that migrant children’s life satisfaction was significantly lower when compared to local non-migrant students. The study also highlighted that subjective and objective support, utilization of support, conscientiousness and parent’s educational level were predictive factors of life satisfaction. Migrant children’ life satisfaction was not optimistic and social support was significantly influencing factors of migrant children’s life satisfaction, so they need a support system of government, school, community, family to help them through difficulties.
Highlights
Every child deserves a fair chance in life, migrant children are at higher risk of developing mental health problems (UNICEF, 2016) with significantly higher depression and disruptive behavior scores compared to their nonmigrant counterparts (Kim et al, 2018)
Migrant children in China are those population under the age of 18 who have left their hukou registration place for 6 months or longer and most of them are migrating with workers from rural areas to cities (Wang, 2016)
This study focused on the comparison of life satisfaction among migrant children and local students in small and medium-sized cities in China
Summary
Every child deserves a fair chance in life, migrant children are at higher risk of developing mental health problems (UNICEF, 2016) with significantly higher depression and disruptive behavior scores compared to their nonmigrant counterparts (Kim et al, 2018). Migrant children are disadvantaged by the sociocultural circumstances in urban areas (Sun, Chen, & Chan, 2016) Compared with those mega-cities such as Beijing, Shanghai, and Guangzhou, small and medium-sized cities have less pressure of population and have gradually revised their hukou policies (local household registration) which allow migrant children to receive public education in cities and integrates them into the mainstream educational system (Zhou & Cheung, 2017). These entitlements will encourage increasing numbers of migrant children to enter in small and medium-sized cities whose urban resident population is less than 1,000,000 persons.
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