Comparative Study of Inhibitory Potential of Dietary Phytochemicals Against Quorum Sensing Activity of and Biofilm Formation by Chromobacterium violaceum 12472, and Swimming and Swarming Behaviour of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1.

Elif Burcu Bali,Necdet Sağlam,Demet Erdönmez,Kübra Erkan Türkmen

doi:10.17113/ftb.57.02.19.5823

Abstract

SUMMARYQuorum sensing (QS) and biofilm formation are important mechanisms related to antibiotic resistance of many pathogens. Alternative treatments are needed to prevent recurrent or chronic infections caused by multi-resistant pathogens. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate and compare the inhibitory potential of the dietary phytochemicals: curcumin, quercetin, apigenin, pyrogallol, gallic acid and luteolin against QS of and biofilm formation by Chromobacterium violaceum ATCC 12472 and the swimming and swarming abilities of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1. Anti-QS potential of the phytochemicals was evaluated qualitatively and quantitatively using C. violaceum via the disk diffusion assay based on violacein pigment inhibition at the subminimal inhibitory concentrations ranging from 46.87 to 750 µg/mL. The results of anti-QS and antibiofilm activities on C. violaceum demonstrated that all the phytochemicals except pyrogallol and gallic acid inhibited violacein production (from (11.0±0.1) to (88.2±0.1) %) in a concentration-dependent manner. In addition, the biofilm formation was also significantly inhibited (p<0.05) in the presence of all the phytochemicals ((1.38±0.08)–(84.2±0.2) %). In the present study, the results revealed that quercetin, curcumin, apigenin and luteolin could be promising QS and biofilm inhibitory agents against the C. violaceum 12472 biosensor system. Our findings also suggest that all the phytochemicals, especially curcumin, quercetin and pyrogallol, might be anti-pathogenic agents against P. aeruginosa PAO1 infections due to the ability to control QS. However, more comprehensive studies at the molecular level, explaining their anti-QS mechanisms, need to be conducted to confirm these results and identify the genes involved.

Highlights

Chromobacterium violaceum obtained from water, soil, and human skin is a facultative anaerobic, Gram-negative opportunist, which often produces violacein, a characteristic purple, water-insoluble pigment with antibacterial activity
This study investigated the inhibitory potentials of six dietary phytochemicals against the violacein pigment production that is controlled by quorum sensing (QS) and biofilm formation in Chromobacterium violaceum ATCC 12472 biosensor system, and their impact on swimming and swarming behaviour of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1
Our results demonstrated that all the phytochemicals, except pyrogallol and gallic acid, inhibited the violacein production

Summary

Introduction

Chromobacterium violaceum obtained from water, soil, and human skin is a facultative anaerobic, Gram-negative opportunist, which often produces violacein, a characteristic purple, water-insoluble pigment with antibacterial activity. It causes severe morbidity and mortality associated with infections such as bacteremia and abscesses. The production of the violacein pigment in C. violaceum is controlled by quorum sensing (QS), a process of bacterial cell-cell communication in which cells regulate the transcription of the specific genes responsible for the production of antibiotics, biofilm differentiation, cell division, bioluminescence and other processes [4,5]. C. violaceum ATCC 12472 produces and responds to cognate autoinducer molecules

Objectives

Methods

Results

Conclusion